Class 7 History Chapter 4 – Maharashtra before the Times of Shivaji Maharaj | Exercise Questions and Answers
Class 7 History – Maharashtra Board
Chapter 4 – Maharashtra before the Times of Shivaji Maharaj
Exercise – Questions and Answers
1. Complete the following chart.
| Village (Mauja) | Kasba | Pargana | |
|---|---|---|---|
| What it means | A village or settlement where most people lived. | A big village, usually the headquarters of a pargana. | A group of many villages together. |
| Officers | Patil and Kulkarni | Shete and Mahajan | Deshmukh and Deshpande |
| Example | Vadgaon | Indapur Kasba / Wai Kasba | Pune Pargana / Chakan Pargana |
2. Write the meaning.
(1) Budruk –
The original or older village or town is called Budruk.
(2) Balut –
The share of agricultural produce given by peasants to artisans for the services they provided to the village community was called Balut.
(3) Vatan –
Vatan means hereditary land held by a person for which he did not have to pay revenue.
3. Find out and write.
(1) People from Africa who had settled along the Konkan coastline –
Siddi people
(2) The author of ‘Amrutanubhav’ –
Sant Dnyaneshwar
(3) Sant Tukaram's place –
Dehu near Pune
(4) He composed Bharuds –
Sant Eknath
(5) He explained the importance of physical fitness –
Samarth Sant Ramdas
(6) Women Sants –
Sant Muktabai, Sant Janabai, Sant Soyrabai, Sant Bahinabai Siurkar and Sant Kanhopatra.
4. Write about these personalities and their work in your own words.
(1) Sant Namdeo
Sant Namdeo was a great Sant of the Varkari movement. He was a skilled organiser and performed excellent kirtans. Through his kirtans, he spread the message of equality among men and women and people of all castes. His abhangas are well known. He travelled to different places and propagated the Bhagwat religion. His work greatly influenced the people.
(2) Sant Dnyaneshwar
Sant Dnyaneshwar was a great Sant of the Varkari movement. He wrote Dnyaneshwari, which explains the meaning of the Sanskrit Bhagavad Gita in a simple manner. He also wrote Amrutanubhav. He spread the message of devotion and showed people a simple way of worship and conduct. His work inspired the common people.
(3) Sant Eknath
Sant Eknath was a great Sant of the Bhakti movement in Maharashtra. He composed abhangas, gavalans and bharuds. He explained religious ideas in a simple manner. Through his writings, he spread devotion and equality. He also explained the Bhakti part of the Sanskrit Bhagwat in Marathi.
(4) Sant Tukaram
Sant Tukaram belonged to Dehu near Pune. His abhangas are simple, pleasing and meaningful. His Gatha is considered a valuable treasure of the Marathi language. Through his abhangas, he taught people devotion, good conduct and spiritual values.
5. Why were droughts a great calamity for the people?
Droughts were a great calamity because agriculture depended mainly on rainwater. When there was no rain, crops failed and foodgrain prices increased. There was a shortage of food and fodder for cattle. Water became scarce and people found it difficult to survive.
People were forced to leave their villages in search of food and livelihood. Cattle and farm animals died, agriculture was devastated and industries and financial transactions came to a standstill. Thus, drought caused great suffering and destruction in the lives of the people.
Droughts were a great calamity because lack of rain caused crop failure, food and water shortages, rising food prices, death of cattle, destruction of agriculture and migration of people in search of livelihood.
Class 7 History | Maharashtra Board | Chapter 4
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